Canada



W. THOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARINGL -HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

. APPLICATION HLED MAR. 9. new.

Patented Aug-10, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W. THOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARING.

HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED- MAR. 9, 9m

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITHOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARING.

HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9, 1917.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

5' SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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LMAMZ/VLM 7% I @W W. THOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARING.

HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

0 2. 9 IT mm 1% 0.08 UH AW 05 e t. n .w a P 7 W 9 mm A M D E L H N 0 .HA C H DI DI A i W. THOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARING.

HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

APPLICATION mm MAR. 9. 1911..

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED S AT S? WALTER THOMAS Ann ALBEB EDWARD 'MAIfJWAEING, or NA A-1 0,BnITIsn I COLUMBIA, CANADA, AssIGNoRs o-F ncoNsnnvATIon COMPANY LI ITED;I or VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADAf-ACORPORATION or BRITISH.

COLUMBIA, CANADA.

. HEAT-GENERATING FURNACE. 1

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Applicati'on filed arthe; eils naii o. 5 3531 I,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WALT R THO AS and ALBERT EDWARD MAINWA I G',subjects of the King of Great Britain, residing at Nanaimo, in thecounty of Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada, have invented certain newand usefullmprovernents in Heat-Gem crating Furnaces, of'whichthefollowing is a specification. I I I c This invention relates to a heatgenerating furnace, adapted to. burn low-grade or other fuel and allcombustible gaseous products (socalled smoke), for heatingsteam boilersof all classes and for other industrial purposes, such as heating bakeryovens,b rick and pottery kilns, ore roasting furnaces, lime and cementkilns or retorts, buildings, and with great saving of fuel. i g

This heat generator is designed and especially adapted for'b'urningallkinds of lowgrade and, at present,"waste fuels,.such as mine waste,lignite,'and other waste fuels which are well knownto be plentiful inmost places where fuel is used for steaming and other purposes. Ourfurnaceis particularly adapted for gasifying, or evolving, the volatilevapors and gases from fuel and to draw such heated vapors and gasesthrough a body of fresh coal or other fuel to more rapidly liberatethevolatile-v'apors and to mixwith the gasesqand vapors a sufficientquantity of air to produce perfect combustion within the combustionchamber and before any so called smoke can escape to the stack, wherebyperfect combustion is ob tained and the highest possible calorific valueof the fuel is utilized. I

combustion of fuel for generating steam;

By means ofnumerous experimental con-c structions of'heat generatingfurnaces we have overcome many d fliculties heretofore encountered inproducing continuous; and uniform combustion so as to obtain a un1 formheat for a number of hours and we 9 have embodied our improvements 1n.a'furg nace or furnaces illustrated in" the accomk panying drawings.

The principal object of our invention, therefore, is to provide for.generating high heat under perfect control, from low-grade ivhich stack.

bonvapors and gases and other hot vapors I through a bod y offresh'fuel, whereby their volatile vapors will be evolved and carriedoff to be mixed with air and burnt in the Ajspecial object of 'ourinventioniis to same 'combustionchamber with the gaseous i.products'from the cooked fuel. 1

nrovide'for jsimplifyingthe constructiono'ffl l the generating furnacee-doing away with a separate coking chamber or retortiand to provide forbetter separating the gases from the freshfuel, then heating them and aa intermixing'themwith air attheir entrance 5 9 to the secondarycombustion chamber. o 1

Another obj ectof our invention is to provideforcontinuously!feedingfuel by suit i able. mechanical stokers, and also for removing clinkerand cleaning the fire, so as uou w I l i iO m Y Ano er. i t;i$..t. -pr vd 'P Q ing a'fmoreperfect secondary combustion of to make the operationof firing a boiler co nfixed. carboniwhichare carried off from fuel andwhich frequently escape unburned from the stack; I

' Other objects purposes of our invention will 'apipearfin the detaileddescription of the apparatus and its operation by reference to :theaccompanying "drawings, in

f Figureglfrepresents a front elevation of our heat generating furnace.I l Fig. 2"represents!a t opj plan view with partsin horizontal section.l

Fig.3rep'resents a longitudinal vertical section of the generator withconnecting parts in elevation. I

Fig. 4 represents a transverse sectionon the line in F gs. Qand 3.

f Fig. 4! epresents an inner face View of' a header for: the air. 'leating 'coil in the li Fig. two planes'indicated by the irregular line5.5,Fig.6. '.x x f Fig.16 represents a horizontal section on theline6'6'of Fig;5. a

'5, 'represents"a vertical section on the Fig. 7 represents altransversesection I through "the fuel chamber, the view being V the two planesindicated by the dotted lines 9 9, Fig. 8. I

F side of the fuel chamber.

kllOlVIl 11121111181.

Fig. 10 represents a horizontal section taken on the irregular lines1010 l0 10 Fig. 8.

111 the construction and operation 01 our heat generator we provide forcausing circulation of gase1therby a blower or a et of steam, and forforcing streams of air under pressure into both primary and secondarycombustion chambers for burning the fixed carbon and gas. 7 i

he walls of the generator furnace 1 are constructed with brick and maybe lined with firebrick, erected on a concrete foundation X. The brickwalls may be also inclosed in a jacket .of plate iron in a well A steamboiler is mounted above the generator furnace ina well known form ofsetting and in the illustration we have shown a tubular boiler. To therear of the generating furnace we provide a secondary combustion chamber15 under the boiler.

In a heat generator we construct the fuel and primary combustion chamberof special form, composed of two parts, namely, a lower part 2constituting a main fuel and combustion chamber and an upper, contractedpart 2 for containing fresh or green fuel, in which coking anddistillation are effected. The fuel level or surface is indicated inFig. 3 by the irregular line 3*. The lower part 2 is made wider andoccupies the full width of the chamber adjacent to the grate, and theupper part .2 ismade narrower and arranged centrally above the grate andin line with the fuel feeding opening 5 with which connects a suitableautomatic feeding or stoking device for delivering a continuous supplyof fuel without opening a door. At the junction of the widerlongitudinal lower part 2 and the narrower longitudinal upper part 2" isformed an offset 2*, Figs. 5 and 7, on each These ofisets provide twolongitudinal channels 2 for hot gases along the body of fuel from theupper part 2- to the secondary combustion chamber 15, as willbehereinafter more fully described. At the base of the generator isconstructed the usual ash-pit 3 and above the same a shaking grate 4having a longitudinal clinker breaker P which may be revolved in anysuitable manner.

. grate or set of grate bars is placed an eccen- Below each trio 4 orothersuitable means for rocking or agitating the grate. In the frontwall of the furnace are provided the upper fuel openings 5, the fireopening and door 6 and the opening and door 7. The bodyS of the coalfeeding device connects with the front wall on a line with the opening 5and has mounted upon it a coal hopper 9, having connected to it a chainand lever 12. ithin the body 8 is arranged a screw-conveyer 10 which ispreferably provided with a friction clutch 11. Although we have shownonly a screw-conveyer for feeding coal, we propose to use any known formof Inecham cal stoker for delivering a continuous and uniform supply ofcoal, as required.

A rear furnace wall 13 separates the primary combustion chamber from thesecondary combustion chamber 15 and is provided with the ports 14 and14:, Figs. 6 and 7, for products of combustion. These ports are in thenature of contracted nozzles, each having an inclined wall from thelarger inlet to the discharge outlet, as shown in dotted lines in Fig.6. The boiler 16 is provided with the usual stack pipe 17 which containssets of coils or serpentine pipes 21 for heating air. A fan or rotaryair blower 18, which may be a power blower, is preferably placed on topof the furnace and has a shaft which connects with the turbine engine32, the shaft of which also connects with the rotary gas fan or blower31. The discharge pipe 19 .of blower 18, Figs. 1 and 2, is provided witha header 20 which connects with the stack pipe and with whichcommunicate the coils or serpentine pipes 21 of'comparatively smalldiameter. These pipes communicate at their lower ends with the header 22which is also secured to the stack pipe. A discharge pipe 23communicates with header 22 and extends forward and communicateswithbranches 24 which extend downward at the front of the furnace. Thesepipes 24 are provided with a series of. short branches having cocks orvalves 25 opening into two series of horizontal pipes 26, Figs. 5 and 6,in the side walls of chambers 2 and 2?. A branch air pipe 27, Fig-s2 and5, extends transversay at the top of the furnace and connects by shortbranches and valves 28 with the upper ends of the vertical air flues 29,Figs. 2 and 4, in the rear wall 13. These pipes 29 are double, in theform of an inverted U, as shown in Fig. 4. Each branch or leg isprovided with a series of short inclined nozzles 29 at the burners 40,as shown in Fig. 6. An

I 38 is provided with an airvalve b for ad mitting air ,to dilute thegases *whichimay be too rich in hydrocarbonsq This waive may be a rotaryvalve ordamper of a well known kind. The discharge pipe 35, Figs. 2 and3, of blower 31 extends forward and connects with thetransversehorizontal gas flue 36, Fig. 5'in the front of the furnace and this flue'36 connects on each sideof the fuel chamber with the vertical downtakeflue 37, Figs. 5 and 6. With these' flues conmet on each side of thefuel chamber a series of horizontal longitudinal flues' 38. It

will be noted by reference tor-1g. 6'that the horizontal air flues 26connect near their rear ends with the gas flues 38*andthat the latterhave nozzles adjacent to the inclined air ports or'nozzles 29 whichdischarge into the combustion chamber 15. In the front wall of thefurnace, adjacent to the feeding opening 5 are'constru'cted two gasflues41 opening at thetop into gas flue 36"and discharging at their lowerendsinto the fuel chamber 2, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6. "The gasflues 36 and'll are controlled.

the gas will have a free passage alongthe body of fuel to the portsltopening into the secondary combustion chamber 15.

- A modified construction of our heat generating furnace, embodyingthemain fea -c tures of construction above described, is 3 illustrated inFigs. 8, 9 and, 10, in'which,

however, the air-heating fines are diifer- 1 chamber. A- steam boiler16? is" mounted i above and beyond or to one side of the sec-1, ondarycombustion chamber. The generator 50 is constructed of brick and has aname ently arranged, and a steam jetis used for exhaustlng and caus ng crculating of hy-- drocarbon vapors and gases from the fresh dlstillingfuel to the secondary combustion verse dividing'wall 149 separating thefuel and gasification are effected. Anarch 53, havingjnumerous portsffor discharge of hot air to the combustion chamber"66,is constructed inthe rear wall 49 and contains a transverse air flue 56, leadingfrom alongitudinal flue'55, having an inlet port? 54, Fig. 10, in the frontwall on alevel shown in Fig. 9. The air "passing' out through ports f isthe first "air admitted to chamber 66, The flue 55 has a regulatingdamper, h, Fig. 10. The front Wall ispro- 1. of thelower part 52 of theprimary chamber, an'd'h'as, next to the ashpit 8*,-Figs.8

vided with t e a a 11251 ea openingfv and "a fire door 'openingfi thedoorsof i known construction, isarranged at the front and ,9, a broadclinker table orbar, P. A per-.

forated pipe d, having a valve Z, :is placed on'abar of thestep grate tosupply water foricoolingthe bars. f

. It will be notedthat the arched roof of part "52 is extended down oninterior lines slightly below the topof the step-grate, as

indicated 'in Fig.8, thus providing a liar rower-part 52"-. An'off-setis made on each zside on'a line, with' 'ga's-port 59, thusmakingfla wider part 52 in the primary chame fiber, where the fixedca-rbon'is burned. In

the archedroof,[Fig. 9, is made acentral opening 57 into a flue 58,1extending down oneach side (one-half'being shown in" Fig. 7 f9 )1- ;'andopening-by outlet'ports 59. at the off-set in thewalls. In the rearlwall49 is made twolar e gas outlet ports 60 for gas products flowing fintothe secondary" combustion chamber 66 A transverse steam :sup'erheater[coil or "manifold 61 is set into the lower part ofwall 4L9, Figs. 8 and10, an'dha's asupply pipe 48 and adis-j 'chargepipe' 62, provided with avalve 9 and {connecting withatransve'rse upper pipe 63, with whichconnect the nozzle pipes 64 in the was flues 58,,one of'which is shownin v I" Provi'sionfis madefor both 'a second air ary combustion chamber66.]; The second air j is admittedflby the lower fiues 70-71 andports.n,' Fig ss8 and; 10, and the third air supply is'admittedbythe'flues 67 and 68,

upper 'returnf flue 68',[Fig. 10, which is ex- 'tended;transversely andthen longitudinally on theopposite side'of the furnace, as shown ports mopening into chamber 66, An air inlet port 69 admits R11 to the lowertransverse flue 70, which connects with a. return [flue 71 providedwith'p'orts '21,. Air will be heated in the lines, The secondarycombustionchamber'66 is thus supplied with hot air chamber throughfthelarge ports 60. 5

The off-set at'the port 59'and extending to the rearwall 49 will provideachannel 59 a'ndwports in. An inlet" port, Fig. 10, on the level shown.in Fig, .8, opens into I the trans verse and longitudinal flue 67, iwhich confne'cts" at the frontfof the furnace with an I ,iini' F 10,7andis provided" with numerous and primary combustion chamber, 5252 fromthe. secondary combustion chamber; 66." f The primary chamberis'comiposed of the lower and wider longitudinal part 52Iadj'acent tothe grate, and the narrower longi tudinal part 52* at the top, wherecoking,

through numerous ports f, m and 'r for completelyflburning the largevolume of gas 'eousproducts flowing I from the primary chamber, weprovide for coking and ga'sifying only the requisite quantity of freshfuel,just sufficient to furnish a quantity flO of coke which can beconsumed in the lower part of the chamber. In this construction andarrangement of the furnace the fresh fuel will be coked and gasifiedrapidly, because of being in contact with the hot coke, and as the freshfuel is coked and expanded it will feed by gravity down into the lowerpart of the chamber.

By reason of drawing part of the hot fixed gases up through the freshfuel, the rich hydrocarbon gases will be quickly evolved and carried 05by the hot fixed gases and the whole product will then be passed partlydown into the fuel chamber 7 and partly into the secondary combustionchamber, Where they will be -commingled with hot air and completelyburned, without the possibility of any waste or of any smoke escaping tothe external air.

The feeding of the fuel will be readily understood by the skilledfireman and will preferably be accomplished by a mechanical stoker inboth forms of furnace shown.

The combustion will be controlled and regulated by the valves in the airsupply pipes, so that no excessive air shall be fed in the combustionchambers. I

Having described ourinvention, what we claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

1. In a heat generating furnace, the combination with a combined cokingand 00m bustion chamber having a wider longitudinal lower part and anarrower longitudinal upper part, said parts having at their junc tion,on each side, an offset, thereby providing longitudinal gas channelsalong the body of fuel, and said upper part having a gas outlet in itsroof, of a secondary combustion chamber, a transverse division wallhaving ports in line with said channels, flue connections from said gasoutlet in the roof to the longitudinal channels, means in said con.-nections for drawing hot gases and vapors from the fresh fuel anddischarging them into said channels, and means for feeding fuel to theupper part of said first named chamber. r

2. A heat generatingfurnace comprising a combined coking and combustionchamber having a wider longitudinal lower part and a narrowerlongitudinal upper part into the latter of which fresh fuel is fed anddistilled, and a secondary combustion chamber, the two combustionchambers being sepa-h dinal gas fines and a series of longitudinal gasesfrom the fixed incandescent carbon below through the distilling fuelabove, thereby carrying off rich hydrocarbon vapors from the distillingfuel and discharging them into said gas fines and thence into thesecondary combustion chamber, and separate means for supplying air tothe air fines and secondary combustion chamber, whereby perfectcombustion of the fixed carbon and of gases may be effected in thesecondary combustion chamber. I

3. In a heat generating furnace, the combination with a combined cokingand combustion chamber having a wider longitudinal lower part and anarrower longitudinal upper part, said parts having at their junction,on each side, an offset, thereby providing longitudinal gas channelsalong the body of fuel, and said upper part having a gas outlet in itsroof, of a secondary combustion chamber, a transverse division wallhaving a port from said lower part for passage of gases into thesecondary combustion chamber, pipe and fine connections from said gasoutlet in the roof to the longitudinal channels, and having means fordrawing hot gases and vapors from the fresh fuel and discharging them?into said channels for producing complete combustion of the fuel andgaseous products.

4. In a heat generating furnace, the combination with a combined cokingand combustion chamber having a wider. longitudinal lower, part and anarrower longitudinal upper part, the latter part having an upper gasoutlet, of a secondary combustion chamher, a transverse division wallseparating the chambers and having an outlet for gas-' the divisionwall, an exhausting and forcing device communicating with the upper gasoutlet of the coking part and with said gas fiues, and means for forcingair into said air fiues. V

In testimony whereof we aiiix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

WALTER THOMAS. ALBERT EDWARD MAINWARING.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM E. RUMMING, ARTHUR W. BRADFIELD.

I gas "lines opening adjacent to saidnozzles in

